RISE: Robust Early-exiting Internal Classifiers for Suicide Risk Evaluation

Ritesh Singh Soun, Atula Tejaswi Neerkaje, Ramit Sawhney, Nikolaos Aletras, Preslav Nakov


Abstract
Suicide is a serious public health issue, but it is preventable with timely intervention. Emerging studies have suggested there is a noticeable increase in the number of individuals sharing suicidal thoughts online. As a result, utilising advance Natural Language Processing techniques to build automated systems for risk assessment is a viable alternative. However, existing systems are prone to incorrectly predicting risk severity and have no early detection mechanisms. Therefore, we propose RISE, a novel robust mechanism for accurate early detection of suicide risk by ensembling Hyperbolic Internal Classifiers equipped with an abstention mechanism and early-exit inference capabilities. Through quantitative, qualitative and ablative experiments, we demonstrate RISE as an efficient and robust human-in-the-loop approach for risk assessment over the Columbia Suicide Severity Risk Scale (C-SSRS) and CLPsych 2022 datasets. It is able to successfully abstain from 84% incorrect predictions on Reddit data while out-predicting state of the art models upto 3.5x earlier.
Anthology ID:
2024.lrec-main.1232
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)
Month:
May
Year:
2024
Address:
Torino, Italia
Editors:
Nicoletta Calzolari, Min-Yen Kan, Veronique Hoste, Alessandro Lenci, Sakriani Sakti, Nianwen Xue
Venues:
LREC | COLING
SIG:
Publisher:
ELRA and ICCL
Note:
Pages:
14134–14145
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.lrec-main.1232
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Ritesh Singh Soun, Atula Tejaswi Neerkaje, Ramit Sawhney, Nikolaos Aletras, and Preslav Nakov. 2024. RISE: Robust Early-exiting Internal Classifiers for Suicide Risk Evaluation. In Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024), pages 14134–14145, Torino, Italia. ELRA and ICCL.
Cite (Informal):
RISE: Robust Early-exiting Internal Classifiers for Suicide Risk Evaluation (Soun et al., LREC-COLING 2024)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.lrec-main.1232.pdf