Fighting Fire with Fire: The Dual Role of LLMs in Crafting and Detecting Elusive Disinformation

Jason Lucas, Adaku Uchendu, Michiharu Yamashita, Jooyoung Lee, Shaurya Rohatgi, Dongwon Lee


Abstract
Recent ubiquity and disruptive impacts of large language models (LLMs) have raised concerns about their potential to be misused (*.i.e, generating large-scale harmful and misleading content*). To combat this emerging risk of LLMs, we propose a novel “***Fighting Fire with Fire***” (F3) strategy that harnesses modern LLMs’ generative and emergent reasoning capabilities to counter human-written and LLM-generated disinformation. First, we leverage GPT-3.5-turbo to synthesize authentic and deceptive LLM-generated content through paraphrase-based and perturbation-based prefix-style prompts, respectively. Second, we apply zero-shot in-context semantic reasoning techniques with cloze-style prompts to discern genuine from deceptive posts and news articles. In our extensive experiments, we observe GPT-3.5-turbo’s zero-shot superiority for both in-distribution and out-of-distribution datasets, where GPT-3.5-turbo consistently achieved accuracy at 68-72%, unlike the decline observed in previous customized and fine-tuned disinformation detectors. Our codebase and dataset are available at https://github.com/mickeymst/F3.
Anthology ID:
2023.emnlp-main.883
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Month:
December
Year:
2023
Address:
Singapore
Editors:
Houda Bouamor, Juan Pino, Kalika Bali
Venue:
EMNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
14279–14305
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.emnlp-main.883
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2023.emnlp-main.883
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Jason Lucas, Adaku Uchendu, Michiharu Yamashita, Jooyoung Lee, Shaurya Rohatgi, and Dongwon Lee. 2023. Fighting Fire with Fire: The Dual Role of LLMs in Crafting and Detecting Elusive Disinformation. In Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 14279–14305, Singapore. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Fighting Fire with Fire: The Dual Role of LLMs in Crafting and Detecting Elusive Disinformation (Lucas et al., EMNLP 2023)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.emnlp-main.883.pdf
Video:
 https://aclanthology.org/2023.emnlp-main.883.mp4