James Carroll
2008
Assessing the Costs of Machine-Assisted Corpus Annotation through a User Study
Eric Ringger
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Marc Carmen
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Robbie Haertel
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Kevin Seppi
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Deryle Lonsdale
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Peter McClanahan
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James Carroll
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Noel Ellison
Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'08)
Fixed, limited budgets often constrain the amount of expert annotation that can go into the construction of annotated corpora. Estimating the cost of annotation is the first step toward using annotation resources wisely. We present here a study of the cost of annotation. This study includes the participation of annotators at various skill levels and with varying backgrounds. Conducted over the web, the study consists of tests that simulate machine-assisted pre-annotation, requiring correction by the annotator rather than annotation from scratch. The study also includes tests representative of an annotation scenario involving Active Learning as it progresses from a naïve model to a knowledgeable model; in particular, annotators encounter pre-annotation of varying degrees of accuracy. The annotation interface lists tags considered likely by the annotation model in preference to other tags. We present the experimental parameters of the study and report both descriptive and inferential statistics on the results of the study. We conclude with a model for estimating the hourly cost of annotation for annotators of various skill levels. We also present models for two granularities of annotation: sentence at a time and word at a time.
Assessing the Costs of Sampling Methods in Active Learning for Annotation
Robbie Haertel
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Eric Ringger
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Kevin Seppi
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James Carroll
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Peter McClanahan
Proceedings of ACL-08: HLT, Short Papers
2007
Active Learning for Part-of-Speech Tagging: Accelerating Corpus Annotation
Eric Ringger
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Peter McClanahan
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Robbie Haertel
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George Busby
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Marc Carmen
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James Carroll
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Kevin Seppi
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Deryle Lonsdale
Proceedings of the Linguistic Annotation Workshop
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Co-authors
- Eric Ringger 3
- Peter McClanahan 3
- Robbie Haertel 3
- Kevin Seppi 3
- Marc Carmen 2
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